The Mortgage Deposit Guide
Most people ask how much deposit they need. The more useful question is which loan-to-value band the deposit puts them in, because that is what actually determines the rate they will be offered.
Loan-to-value is the number that matters
Loan-to-value is the mortgage as a percentage of the property price. A 10% deposit means 90% loan-to-value. Lenders price in bands rather than on a sliding scale, so the difference between 90.5% and 89.9% can be far larger than the difference between 89.9% and 86%.
The practical implication: if you are close to a threshold, finding a small additional sum may be worth considerably more than the sum itself. Our affordability calculator shows the loan-to-value your deposit produces.
Where deposits are allowed to come from
- Your own savings, evidenced by statements over several months
- A gift from close family, with a letter confirming it is not a loan
- Equity from selling a property you already own
- Inheritance, with documentation
- In some cases a Lifetime ISA, including the government bonus
Borrowed deposits — a personal loan or credit card — are almost universally refused, and in any case the new borrowing would reduce what you can afford.
Source of funds
Lenders must establish where the money came from. Build the deposit steadily in one account where you can, and avoid moving large sums between accounts shortly before applying — every transfer is another thing to explain.
Costs beyond the deposit
The deposit is not the only cash you need. Budget separately for legal fees, searches, a survey, possible stamp duty and moving costs. Buyers who put every last pound into the deposit often find themselves short at exchange, which is an avoidable and stressful position. See our home buying process guide for where each cost falls.
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Frequently asked questions
Related guides
- How Much Can I Borrow for a Mortgage?
Income multiples are only the starting point. How lenders actually assess affordability — commitments, stress tests, and why two lenders offer very different amounts on identical figures.
- The Self-Employed Mortgage Guide
Sole trader, director or contractor — lenders read each one differently. What counts as income, what paperwork you need, and how to plan ahead.
- The Home Buying Process, Step by Step
From agreement in principle to completion: what happens at each stage, who does what, how long it takes, and where purchases usually stall.